Separation techniques

I will be talking about the following separation techniques

Filtration

Evaporation to dryness
Distillation (Simple distillation, Fractional distillation)
Separating funnel

Crystallisation

magnetism

Filtration

Filtration is an operation which is used for the separation of solids from liquids or gases by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids(residue) in the fluid are retained.

Separating funnel

Fractional distillation

No fractionating column
Used to separate substances with bp difference of > 20 ˚C

Simple distillation

Thermometer is used to measure the vapour temperature.
Fractionating column is used to increase surface area for vapour to condense – ensure that only the hottest vapours reach the top of the column

Magnetic attraction

Separate magnetic substances from non-magnetic ones in a mixture

Crystallisation

Separate magnetic substances from non-magnetic ones in a mixture